Introduction
This law tells us how pressure can be transmitted in a fluid. It can be stated in a number of equivalent ways as follows :(i) The pressure exerted at any point on an enclosed liquid is transmitted equally in all directions.
(ii) A change in pressure applied to an enclosed incompressible fluid is transmitted undiminished to every point of the fluid and the walls of the containing vessel.
(iii) The pressure in a fluid at rest is same at all points if we ignore gravity.
Applications of Pascal's Law
- Hydraulic lift. Hydraulic lift is an application of Pascal's law. It is used to lift heavy objects. It is a force multiplier.
- Hydraulic brakes. The hydraulic brakes used in automobiles are based on Pascal's law of transmission of pressure in a liquid.
Advantages of hydraulic brakes:
(i) The master cylinder transmits equal retarding force on each wheel. So a hydraulic brake operates uniformly and hence prevents skidding.
(ii) A small force applied to the pedal exerts a much larger force on the wheel drums. It enables the driver to keep the vehicle under control.
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